The International Day of Neutrality is an annual observation dedicated to promoting the principles of neutrality, peace and non-alignment. It underscores the importance of maintaining peaceful relations, irrespective of political alignments, conflicts, or differences in opinions. These notions are crucial, as they promote peaceful coexistence, foster mutual understanding, and encourage respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity.
Introduced by the United Nations in 2017, the International Day of Neutrality was first championed by Turkmenistan, a country that's been officially neutral since 1995. Spanning outward from its point of origin, the observance of neutrality finds its practical impact extending to many parts of the world, including the United Kingdom. For Britons, neutrality is seen within the context of international diplomacy and conflict resolution. The UK, as a member of the United Nations, upholds and promotes principles of neutrality, particularly through peacekeeping missions and advocating for peaceful resolution of conflicts.
Observing the International Day of Neutrality in the UK typically entails promoting dialogue based on mutual respect, non-interference and peaceful coexistence. This engenders an environment conducive for productive international relations. As a signatory to the United Nations Charter, the UK recognises the importance of promoting and observing the principles of neutrality, abstaining from taking sides in disputes or conflicts outside its borders. The observance takes place on the same day worldwide, December 12th, following the United Nations General Assembly's formal recognition of the principle of neutrality.
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The U.N’s policy of neutrality is based on their tools of preventive diplomacy. According to the U.N, preventive diplomacy includes: early warning and prevention of conflict, mediation, good offices, fact-finding missions, negotiation, the use of special envoys, informal consultations, peacebuilding and targeted development activities.
Neutrality is defined by the U.N as, the legal status arising from the abstention of a state from all participation in a war between other states, the maintenance of an attitude of impartiality toward the belligerents, and the recognition by the belligerents of this abstention and impartiality.
History has its share of violating the international neutrality pact. For example, during World War II, Belgium's neutrality was violated when it was invaded by Germany.
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As of 2020, the U.N has 13 ongoing peacekeeping operations in countries like Mali and India. Learn more about the U.N’s peacekeeping strategies and how you can help maintain neutrality at What Is Peacekeeping?
Explore a historical timeline to learn more about the U.N's record of peacekeeping. Learn more at Timeline of UN Peacekeeping.